Preeclampsia as a predictor of maternal and child morbidity and mortality: an analysis of the main clinical outcomes of hypertensive disorder on maternal and child health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/JBG-2965-3711-146%20Keywords:
preeclampsia, mortality and morbidity, maternal and child healthAbstract
Introduction: Preeclampsia is an important cause of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. The growing epidemic is explained by changes in social patterns of consumption, diet, and consequently, lifestyle habits, contributing to the emergence of hypertensive disorders, which have numerous adverse outcomes for women and newborns. Objective: The present study aimed to review the scientific literature on the main clinical outcomes of this hypertensive disorder on maternal and child health in the short and long terms, exploring its pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the PubMed database, with the keywords “preeclampsia”, “morbidity and mortality”, and “sequelae”, according to the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MESH) and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Results: Of the 16 studies selected for review, the main outcomes related to the parturient were chronic arterial hypertension and cerebrovascular accidents (cited in 17.4% of the consulted literature), followed by liver failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and convulsions (mentioned in 6%, 6% and 4% of the studies, respectively). For the newborn, the most prominent outcomes were intrauterine growth restriction and prematurity (cited in 21% of the studies), respiratory disorders due to surfactant deficiency (13.8% of the studies mentioned this), as well as low birth weight and small for gestational age (10.3% for both). Conclusion: It is concluded that preeclampsia is a disorder of immense clinical importance, which requires early interventions to minimize the impacts described in this study on maternal and child health.
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References
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